CBSE Class 11 Biology – MCQ and Online Tests – Unit 19 – Excretory Products and their Elimination
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CBSE Class 11 Biology – MCQ and Online Tests – Unit 19 – Excretory Products and their Elimination
Question 1.
Kidneys are located in
(a) thoracic cavity
(b) abdominal cavity
(c) body cavity
(d) pelvic cavity
Answer
Answer: (b) abdominal cavity
Explanation:
Kidneys are present in abdominal cavity along with digestive organs.
Body cavity contains brain and spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity contains heart and lungs.
Pelvic cavity contains bladder and reproductive organs.
Question 2.
In the kidneys, osmotic pressure controls ______.
(a) Glucose absorption
(b) Sodium absorption
(c) Water absorption
(d) none of these
Answer
Answer: (c) Water absorption
Question 3.
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
(a) Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
(b) Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water
(c) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3
(d) Nearly 99 percent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
Answer
Answer: (d) Nearly 99 percent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
Question 4.
Which of the following can be cured by hemodialysis?
(a) Renal calculi
(b) Glomerulonephritis
(c) Uremia
(d) All of these can be cured by hemodialysis
Answer
Answer: (c) Uremia
Explanation:
Malfunctioning of kidneys can lead to accumulation of urea in blood, this situation leads to uremia.
This can lead to kidney failure. In such patients, urea can be removed by hemodialysis.
Question 5.
Kidneys are located in
(a) thoracic cavity
(b) abdominal cavity
(c) body cavity
(d) pelvic cavity
Answer
Answer: (b) abdominal cavity
Explanation:
Kidneys are present in abdominal cavity along with digestive organs.
Body cavity contains brain and spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity contains heart and lungs.
Pelvic cavity contains bladder and reproductive organs.
Question 6.
The muscular tubes which take the urine from the kidneys to the bladder are
(a) Urinary bladders
(b) Ureters
(c) Urethras
(d) Nephrons
Answer
Answer: (b) Ureters
Question 7.
Most water and salts are reabsorbed in
(a) DCT
(b) Bowman s capsule
(c) PCT
(d) DCT and PCT
Answer
Answer: (c) PCT
Explanation:
Maximum absorption of water and salts occurs in proximal convulated tubule.
Question 8.
Reabsorption of filterate occurs in
(a) renal tubules
(b) glomerular apparatus
(c) medullary pyramid
(d) juxta cells
Answer
Answer: (a) renal tubules
Explanation:
Nearly 99 per cent of the filtrate is absorbed by renal tubules.
Question 9.
JG cells release
(a) angiotensin II
(b) aldosterone
(c) renin
(d) ANF
Answer
Answer: (c) renin
Explanation:
A fall in glomerular blood flow activates JG cells to release renin.
Question 10.
pH of human urine is
(a) 7.0
(b) 6.5
(c) 6.0
(d) 7.5
Answer
Answer: (b) 6.5
Explanation:
The average pH of human urine is 6.0.
Question 11.
Average blood filtered by kidneys per minute is
(a) 1000 – 1500 mL
(b) 500 – 600 mL
(c) 200 – 300 mL
(d) 1100 – 1200 mL
Answer
Answer: (d) 1100 – 1200 mL
Explanation:
On an average kidneys filter 1100 – 1200 mL of blood per minute.
Question 12.
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
(a) In the liver but eliminated mostly through kidneys
(b) In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
(c) In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
(d) In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
Answer
Answer: (a) In the liver but eliminated mostly through kidneys
Question 13.
The renal medulla consists of cone-shaped tissue masses called _______.
(a) Renal pyramid
(b) Adipose capsule
(c) Renal cortex
(d) Renal pelvis
Answer
Answer: (a) Renal pyramid
Question 14.
Presence of RBCs in urine is
(a) Uremia
(b) ketonuria
(c) Glucosuria
(d) hematuria
Answer
Answer: (d) hematuria
Explanation:
Presence of blood in urine is called hematuria.
Presence of glucose in urine is called glucosuria.
Presence of ketone bodies in urine is called ketonuria.
Question 15.
Ornithine cycle leads to the formation of
(a) NH3
(b) ((NH2)2)CO)
(c) C5H4N4O3
(d) C5H4N4
Answer
Answer: (b) ((NH2)2)CO)
Explanation:
Ornithine cycle is the other name of urea cycle. Urea cycle is the production of urea from ammonia.
((NH2)2)CO) is the chemical formula of urea.
NH3 is ammonia.
C5H4N4 is purine.
C5H4N4O3 is uric acid.
Question 16.
Presence of __________ in urine indicates diabetes mellitus.
(a) Glucose
(b) Cholesterol
(c) Ketone bodies
(d) Both 1 and 3
Answer
Answer: (d) Both 1 and 3
Explanation:
Presence of ketone bodies and glucose in urine indicates diabetes mellitus.
Question 17.
If a man takes large amount of protein, he is likely to excrete more amount of
(a) Glucose
(b) Urea and uric acid
(c) Water
(d) Salts
Answer
Answer: (b) Urea and uric acid
Question 18.
Nerves, blood vessels and ureter enters into the kidney through
(a) calyces
(b) hilum
(c) capsule
(d) cortex
Answer
Answer: (b) hilum
Explanation:
Nerves, blood vessels and ureter enters into the kidney through hilum.
Question 19.
The yellow pigment derived from heme breakdown and excreted by kidneys is
(a) Uric acid
(b) Urochrome
(c) Cholesterol
(d) Melanin
Answer
Answer: (b) Urochrome
Question 20.
What happens when glomerular filteration rate falls?
(a) Activation of podocytes
(b) Release of renin
(c) Repression of juxta glomerular cells
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) Release of renin
Explanation:
Fall in GFR activates juxta glomerular cells to release renin which stimulates glomerular blood flow and brings back the GFR to normal.
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